季后赛规则讲解稿英文（季后赛规则讲解稿英文翻译）
季后赛规则讲解稿英文（季后赛规则讲解稿英文翻译）
If result in member of team get hurt by notting agree with the behavior of match the athletics morals, and can't carry out the penalty, his coach member can specify the any and qualified member of team of that brigade to carry out the penalty.Get hurt the member of team also can take place again the game.
7. pause
( L)20 pause
Each time the hour of each half of brigade contain power request once 20 pause.The each game( include to add match) can request two 20 pauseses totally.
The member of team request 20 pauses, only have be the ball becomes dead ball or that brigades to control the ball just give.The member of team want to shout:"20 pauses".
At 20 pause periods, the ball team can only substitute a member of team.If the brigade of the claim pause substitutes a member of team, the other party brigade also can substitute a member of team.
If 20 pauses of the claim second time in half, should to allow, but to register a normal regulations pause.
If 20 seconds end the game can't continue to carry on, also should register a normal regulations pause.
(2)The normal regulations pause(100 second)
Each time the brigade contain power request 7 normal regulations pauses of the next in importance registers.Limit the each brigade in section 4 can not over 4 times pause;In the end dichotomy clock of section 4 can not over pause 3 times.In add match, allow the each brigade 3 times pause.
The member of team request 100 pauses, only have be the ball becomes dead ball or that brigades to control the ball just give.The member of team want to shout:" Pause".
Each time the stanza game must have the two pause.If each stanza the game leave 6 divide it is pause that 59 hours have no any brigade, record member should while dying the ball for the first time adopt the compulsive pause, this pause registers under the home team.Under of the brigade that each stanza competes to leave 2 divide 59 seconds there is no any brigade call the second-time pause, record member should at die the ball for the first time adopt the compulsive pause, this pause register did not register in times before in that stanza.
The pause that allow to annex, but to judge to punish a technique violate the rules.The bishop practice the member and can request 20 seconds or 100 pauses while compete stop halfway.
8.24 seconds rule
When the some brigade acquires the new ball power in the game, or be the ball in toss ball go into boundary present up drive When member of team's legality touch,24 seconds, the timer will start.The brigade that owns the ball power must shoot the basket in acquire ball after of 24 seconds.Condition that completes to shoot the basket is:
(1)24 seconds end before, the ball must leave the member of team's hand;
(2)After ball leave the member of team's hand, ball must with basket from contact.
If the ball did not get in touch with a turn within 24 seconds, againsting the rules for 24 seconds.
( Two)Against the rules and it punish then
1.3 seconds rule
The some brigade control ball, the brigade's member of team can not stop over in the penalty area over 3 seconds.
Some brigade fore a control ball, start compute 3 seconds.
Punish then:Lose the ball.Toss the ball judge to the other party in the penalty line extension part of side line foul ball.
2. the swing of the elbow
Disallow the member of team excessively or swing the elbow department emolliently.( have no contact)When a defends the member of team near, and take the offensive the member of team to hold the ball, this for to against the rules.
Punish then:Lose the ball.Close to against the rules the location the ball judge to the other party at of side line toss the foul ball.
3. the illegal help get a goal
The member of team can not use a turn or a planks to hang up, prop up or raise the oneself, to contribute to shoot the basket to get a goal.
The member of team can not help the companion while shoot the basket increase the height.
Punish then:Lose the ball.Toss the ball judge to the other party in the penalty line extension part of side line foul ball.
4. stand alone
If take the offensive the brigade at a crest outside or have no ball a side to place 3 or 3 above of member of team, should announce verdict to against the rules.
Punish then:Lose the ball.Toss the ball judge to the other party in an extension part of side line foul ball.
5. the aggression out of the boundary cover
Take the offensive the member of team can not for building up covering but leaving the ex- field ground district that carries the line.
Punish then:Lose the ball.Toss the ball judge to the other party in the penalty line extension part of side line foul ball.
6. glue the sex material
The member of team can not use to glue sex material or any similar materials.
Punish then:Against the rules for the first time, fine money USD 25.Take place again to against the rules to fine money the double.
( Three)Violate the rules and it punish then
1. the technique violate the rules
To the behavior without the athletics morals of the ball team member of the field or the ball team at table or the punishment that against the rules, is the technique violate the rules.Before ball become live the ball, with the other party the member of team took place the illegal contact, also can judge to foul for the technique.
(1)Have no behavior of athletics morals
Didn'ting behavior of the athletics morals to any member of team, the coach member or the training member can judge to punish the two technique violate the rules at most.Any break as long as have once behavior of have no athletics morals, can be drive out;Is two have no athletics morals of behavior must be drive out.
Have no behavior of athletics morals such as:Talk with umpire without the manner;Get in touch with the umpire with the body;Publicly to announce verdict to mean the disaffection;Use the speech that 亵 read;Have not yet the umpire allows the coach member to enter person's place;Stretch the elbow or try to begin the feet but did not include the contact intentionally.
Have some the technique violate the rules is not from not agree with the behavior of match the athletics morals to result in of, such as:Delay game;A district of ball team against the rules;Member of team on the field for ball to become the vitality ball not enough or precious sight more 5;Take the offensive the member of team to mourn in a turn or an etc. with first-class planks designedly.
At die the ball to take place the illegal contact for period, if be think on the property is to not agree with to match the athletics morals of, can judge to foul for a technique;If the contact is otiose and excessively of, can judge to do evil the idea violate the rules.
(2)Fight the violate the rules
In the game or die the ball for period, member of team, the coach member or train the member to fight, to register the technique violate the rules, don't judge to the penalty, the personnel who attends to fight should be drive out immediately.Another judge to fight the personnel according to the circumstance not over the penal sum of USD 20000 and stop the match.
In the NBA game, to foul of judge to punish is more scathing.Appear the following circumstance such as the member of team, the coach member or the training member then drive deportation:Get in touch with the level of the shoulder or a violate the rules of elbow of the following parts;Have no technique violate the rules of athletics morals behavior;Foul with the malice that otiose or exorbitant contact result in.
Member of team, the coach member or train the member to appear the following behavior then must drive deportation:The boxing violate the rules;Fight the violate the rules;Get in touch with a violate the rules of the above part of the level of the shoulder;Try to throw a fist although have no contact;Isn't to compete of continue the action but is designedly to see the set into the person.
For punishing and stopping the violate the rules, return the provision that the row contain penal sum in the rule of NBA, such as:The umpire thinks that the member of team mourn designedly on the ball basket, should judge a technique violate the rules and fine money USD 100;For the first time because of notting agree with the behavior of match the athletics morals to judge to punish the technique violate the rules to fine money USD 100, foul to add to punish the 150 USDses etc. for the second time.
2. invade the person's violate the rules
After ball become live the ball, with the other party the member of team take place the illegal body contact, is to invade the criminal rules.
The member of team prohibit to pull, push, bump the other party member of team;Also prohibit depend stretch the arm, leg, knee or curve the body to become falsely often posture with obstruct the other party the member of team march forward.Breach the provision, will judge for invade the criminal rules and press to punish to then handle relatedly.
(1)The both parties' violate the rules
Both parties' violate the rules mean two not together the member of team of the brigade take place the circumstance of invade the criminal rules or technique violate the rules each other at the same time about.
Punish then:
Ignore is to invade the criminal rules or techniques violate the ruleses and all do not judge to the penalty, register violate the rules for member of team only, don't register the whole brigade violate the rules.If announce verdict the both parties to foul or fight the violate the rules the some brigade owns the ball power, should reserve the ball power, at close to the game to break off the side line of the location to toss the foul ball to continue to compete.If announce verdict the both parties violate the rules or fight the violate the rules both parties' ball teamses did not own the ball power, or shoot the basket and did not succeed the ball is in the sky, should from any two not together the member of team of the brigade at in a jump ball continues to compete.If shoot the basket the success, get a goal effectively, toss the foul ball to continue to compete in the bottom line.If both parties' violate the rules is a result that is the umpire dissidence, don't account to get a goal, should from any two not together the member of team of the brigade at in a jump ball continues to compete.
(2)Take the offensive the violate the rules
After ball become to live the ball, take the offensive the member of team and the other party to take place the illegal contact, is to take the offensive the violate the rules.
Take the offensive the member of team invades the criminal rules, handling if is not the elbow department violate the rules, boxing violate the rules, is also not a malice violate the rules, should press to punish as follows,:Don't judge to take the offensive the brigade to get a goal;The register fouls the member of team to invade the criminal rules once;Don't register that brigade whole brigade violate the rules.( the member of team invade the criminal rules for the sixth time, and that brigade has already have no to entitle to of for repair the member of team excepted)
(3)Have no ball power violate the rules
After ball become the vitality ball, at both parties' ball team all did not own the ball power take place the illegal contact with the other party, is to have no ball to foul.
The member of team invade the criminal rules. handle if is not a boxing violate the rules, malice violate the rules, is also not the elbow department violate the rules, and take place the violate the rules both parties' ball team all did not own the ball power, should press to punish as follows,:The register fouls the member of team to invade the criminal rules once;Register to foul a whole brigade of brigade violate the rules;If the whole brigade violate the rules punish and then did not appear, judge is closing to foul the location for the other party brigade of side line toss the foul ball;If the whole brigade violate the rules punishes to then appear, judge to is infringe upon of member of team a penalty add a penalty.
If judged to defend the brigade to have no ball power violate the rules once, shoot the basket( penalty) the success immediately after, should judge to a penalty of brigade that is infringe upon, make get probably for 3 cents or 4 cent.This regulation rule is applicable to certainly:Ignore is to which take the offensive the member of team violate the rules;Ignore the whole brigade violate the rules punishes to then deny to appear.
If judged to take the offensive the brigade to have no ball power violate the rules once, take the offensive the member of team to shoot the basket the success immediately after, don't account to get a goal.
(4)The boxing violate the rules
The member of team launch a fierce attack the other party with the boxing, is the boxing violate the rules.
Because the boxing announce verdict the member of team's illegal contact, invading the criminal rules and a whole brigade violate the ruleses once.Should judge to a penalty, in spite of whether penalty succeed or not, ising infringe upon the ball judge to of brigade at in the field tosses the foul ball.
Any member of team throws a fist to launch a fierce attack the other party, regardless whether shoot, is all a behavior that nots agree with to match the athletics morals, he should be drive out to combine immediately stop game at least.
This regulation rule settle since be applicable to the game in progress, also be applicable to die the ball appearance.
If continue to take place the boxing violate the rules, all contentses of this provision will apply, and the brigade that be is infringe upon by the end at in the field tosses the foul ball.
Moreover, judge according to the circumstance that member of team not over USD 20000 of penal sum and stop the match.
(5)The non- match violate the rules
In section 4 or add the end dichotomy clock of the match, defends the brigade to take place the illegal contact towards owning the ball power of aggression brigade, but this kind of contact occurrence while keeping off the district or foul balls of the ball neighborhood and diding not leave the hand, foul to punish for the non- match then:Register to invade the criminal rules and a whole brigade violate the ruleses once;Judge to a penalty( a violate the rules of elbow or malices violate the rules penalty is two), the member of team can carry out this penalty on the any field;Combine the brigade infringe upon by quilt at close to the location of compete the interruption to toss the foul ball to continue to compete.
(6)The whole brigade violate the rules
Each time the stanza game whole brigade of the each brigade violate the rules over 4 times, match while add each the whole brigade of the brigade violate the rules over 3 times, to judge a penalty to add a penalty.
If the whole brigade violate the rules of the first 10 minuteses of each stanza don't be full 4 times, or add match the whole brigade violate the rules don't be full 3 times the first 3 minutes, allowing that brigade to have a whole brigade violate the rules in end the dichotomy clock need not add to punish.
To just do the member of team occurrence of shoot the basket the action to invade the criminal rules, judge to the two penalty, if whole brigade the violate the rules punish then appear also not judge to the augmentative penalty;Appear and also don't judge to the augmentative penalty if shoot the basket the success, judge to a penalty, if whole brigade the violate the rules punish,.Also is to say, can get 3 centses at most in successful dichotomy shoot the basket, can get 4 cents at most in succeed of 3 divide shoot the basket.
Basketball rule
1.Compete the method
A brigade five people, among them one artificial captain, fill the vacancy the player's most seven people, but can depend on the sponsor
But increment number.Compete cent ago, empress half time, each each 20 minutes of half time, won the field to take a rest 10 cent
Clock.The game ends the two groups of integral calculuseses homology, then hold extension match 5 minutes, if 5 compare after minutes number
Still same, then carry on 5 minutes to prolong the match again, keep go to compare a victory or defeat.
2.Get a goal the category
The ball hurl enters a frame after judge approve, get a goal then and on the whole. 3 The devotion of divide the line seamy side can get 2 cent;Three
Separately the side devotion outside the line can get 3 cent, the penalty hurl enter 1 cent.
3.Carry on the way
The game is are each by two brigades to release a jump ball member to the central jump ball area in the beginning, reviewing to judge to throw the ball both parties' jump ball from the lord, starting compete.Toss the foul ball.
4.The contestant substitute
Substitute the contestant to want to complete in 20 seconds each time, the replacement number of times is then unlimited to settle.Time that exchanges the contestant chooses to foul, contend for the ball and call pause etc. at someone.The assize can temporarily stop halfway the ball game to account the hour.
5.Penalty
Each player is each is allow 4 times violate the rules of opportunity, the fifth time makes namely full back the field.And can't once more take place in the same field of game.The penalty shoots the basket under the condition of who can't impede, defend, is be used as to the violate the rules troops of punishment, give another one opportunity of the brigade.The penalty wants to stand after penalty line, from judge
Air ball:“三不沾”，投出的球什么都没碰到。
Alley-oop:“空中接力”。一个运动员把球抛向空中，另一个队员在空中
接住球把球扣入篮筐。
Arena:比赛场；竞技场。比如Seattle的主场名叫Key Arena。
Assist:助攻(缩写：Ast.)。
Backboard:篮板。注意不是basketboard。
Backcourt:后场。一支球队本方的半场为后场，即这支球队所要防守的那
半场。
Backdoor paly:篮球基本战术之一。当一个队员在罚球弧周围接到球时，
另一个动员立刻从弱侧切入篮下，接队友的传球投篮得分。
Baseline:底线。球场两端的边界线。
Basket:篮筐。也作ring，还有一种通俗的说法是hoop。
Bench:替补队员。
Block shot:盖帽(缩写：Blk.)。
Boo:嘘声(n)；发出嘘声(v)。球迷发泄不满的一种 *** 。
Bounce pass:击地传球。
Box out:抢篮板球挡人，即抢篮板球时站在对手和篮之间，用身体挡住防守队员的动
作。
Brickv)球打在篮筐或篮板上被崩出来。许多公牛队的球迷在客队罚球时
都手执一块上写"Brick"的牌子在罚球队员的眼前不停的晃动，扰乱他的视
线，以达到干扰罚球的目的。
Buzzer beater:比赛结束前的最后一投。buzzer是比赛用的蜂鸣器。
Captian:队长。队长是场上惟一有资格与裁判讨论规则和判罚的人。
Coach:教练。比如Head coach是主教练，Assistant coach是助理教练。
Coast-to-coast:从球场的一端到另一端(n)。例如：coast-to-coast pass。
Conference:联盟。NBA分东、西两个联盟(Eastern Conference和Western
Conference)，每个联盟都有自己的logo。
Commissioner:总裁。NBA的现任总裁是David Stern。
Court:球场；赛场。home court主场。
Crossover:交叉运球过人。是Tim Hardaway的商标动作。
Cut:切入。
Debut:首次上场。
Defense:防守。当客队进攻时，我们经常能听到主场的球迷在体育馆音效师的带领下高
喊"Defense! Defense!"。
Deny the ball:绕前防守。
Disqualification:被罚下场(缩写：DQ.)。
Division:赛区。NBA共有四个赛区，每个联盟下属两个赛区。
Double-double:两双，即两项技术统计指标达两位数。
Double-team:双人夹击。
Double dribble:两次运球。
Downtown:三分线以外。
Draft:选秀，即NBA每年一度的纳新大会。
Dribble:运球(vt,n)。
Duo:原义是二重唱，在篮球中专指双人组合。
Fadeaway shot:后仰投篮。也作fadeaway jumper。
Fake:假动作(n)；做假动作(v)。
Fast break:快攻；快速突破。
Finals:总决赛。Semifinals半决赛。
Field goal:投篮(总称)，包括两分球的投篮也包括三分球的投篮(缩写：FG.)。
Finger roll:低手上篮时手指拨球的动作。
Flagrant foul:没有必要或动作过大的犯规。
Foul:犯规。个人犯规是personal foul；全队的累计犯规叫team foul。
Foul troublen)一个队员由于受到犯规次数的约束而带来的麻烦，比如说这个队员的
法规次数已接近6次，再犯一次或两次规就将被罚下场。
Free agent:自由人。合同的期满的运动员和新人都是自由人，自由人的去留不受球队
约束。
Free throw:罚球(缩写：FT.)。
Frontcourt:前场。对手的半场为前场，即本方队员攻击的那半场。
Give-and-go:基本战术配合之一，进攻队员将球传给另队友--give，然后向篮下切入，
再接队友的回传球上篮(或扣篮)得分--go。也就是我们常说的“
传切配合”。
Gunner:经常投篮的投手。
Hand-checking:a:一种防守技术，即用手接触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置。
也作hand-check。b:防守犯规的一种。防守队员用手阻挡进攻队员的走位。
不能张开双臂阻挡防守队员的移动，合法的hand-checking技术只允许用手接
触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置，但手部不允许加力，也不允许阻碍对手的
视线。
Hang time:滞空时间，即运动员投篮时在空中停留的时间。
High post:罚球弧的周围。
Hook shot:钩手投篮，有时也直接用"hook"表示。
Illegal defense:非法防守。联防防守即为非法防守。
Injury list:伤员名单。如果某个队员受伤不能参加比赛，根据NBA的规定必须要将其
列入伤员名单(伤员名单是公开的)，以示对球迷的负责。
Jam:扣篮。one-handed jam单手扣篮；two-handed jam双手扣篮。著名歌星
Michael Jackson和Michael Jordan合作拍过一部MTV，名字就叫"Jam"。
Jersey:运动员的背心，也作uniform。有些为球队做出过巨大贡献的运动员退役时他的
jersey也跟随他一起退役，他的jersey被高悬在球队主场的天花
板上，这意味着以后其他运动员不能再使用这件jersey上的号码了。
Jump ball:跳球；争球。
Jump shot:跳投。也作jumper。
Lane:罚球区，也作free throw lane。篮球刚发明的时侯罚球区是细长的，其宽度比罚
球弧的直径还要短，形状就象把钥匙，所以也称之为the key。
Layup:上篮。
Ligament:韧带。cruciate ligament，十字韧带，膝关节中的韧带，是运动员最容易受
伤的部位，分anterior cruciate ligament和posterior cruciate
ligament。
Locker room:更衣室。
Lottery:确定选秀顺序的过程。以前是通过掷硬币决定，因其不确定性所以称之为
"lottery"。
Low post:三秒区内，篮筐两侧，靠近底线的那部分。
Matchup:攻防上各个位置的对应关系(n)。
Meniscus:半月板。膝关节中的一块软骨，也是运动员容易受伤的地方之一，我们经常
会听到某个运动员因为半月板撕裂而上了伤员名单，几个月不能打球。
Move:移动。这个词在NBA里出现的频率特别高，比如，一个漂亮的移动我们说"Great
move!"；后转身的摆脱我们称之为"Spin move"。
MVP:Most Valuable Player，最有价值的运动员。
Net:篮网。检验球是否入筐的标志，原Utah的David Benoit在扣篮时，球砸在自己的头
上从篮筐中弹出，而且整个过程中球又没有触及篮网，结果进球
被判无效。
No-charge area:进攻有理区。根据去年的新规则在两个篮下各画定一以篮筐的中心为
圆心，以4英尺为半径的半圆(虚线)，此区域被称作进攻有理区，在
进攻有理区里只有带球撞人而没有阻挡犯规(注：O"Neal修正案除外)。
Offense:进攻。形容词形式是offensive(缩写：off.)，可以修饰其它名词，例如
offensive rebound就是前场篮板球(进攻篮板球)。
Outlet pass:抢到篮球板后的之一传，一般都是隔场的长传。
Overtime:加时赛，时间为5分钟。
Palming:我们常说的“翻腕”，运球违例动作，也作Carrying the ball。
Pass:传球。
Personal foul:个人犯规。
Pick-and-roll:挡拆战术。篮球中的基本进攻战术之一，进攻队员给持球的队友作掩护
英语叫"set a pick"，然后掩护队员向篮下移动叫"roll"，再接
队友的传球，在无人防守的情况下投篮。Pick n" Roll是Malone和Stockton的看家本
领。以pick为基础衍生出的战术还有pick-and-fade、pick-and-split
等。
Pick:掩护。
Pivot:a:以一只脚为中枢脚转动身体改变方向的动作(n)。b:篮下，通常由中锋控制的
区域。
Playoff:复赛；季后赛，即常规赛结束后各联盟的前八名的淘汰赛。
Point guard:组织后卫，也作控球后卫。
Position:位置。NBA中运动员被分为三个位置--前锋、中锋、后卫。
Power forward:大前锋，我国常称之为“二中锋”。二者略有不同，“二中锋”是基于
中锋的位置，来源于“双中锋”战术，这是我们从苏联老大哥那
里学来的；大前锋还是前锋，他们是队里的篮板能手和防守中坚。
Press:紧逼(防守)。full-court press，全场紧逼；half-court press，半场紧逼。
Pump fake:投篮的假动作。
Quadruple-double:四双。即四项技术统计指标超过两位数。
Quarter:节。一场NBA比赛分四节，每节12分钟。前两节称first-half，后两节称
second-half。
Rebound:篮板球(缩写：Reb.)。
Refree:裁判。
Rejection:盖帽。
Reverse:反身的(a)。比如从底线切入后的反身扣篮是reverse dunk。
Rookie:新人，即之一年在NBA打球的运动员。
Run:连续得分。比赛中屏幕上会经常打出某支球队12-0 run in last 4 minutes，就是
说这支球队在刚刚过去的4分钟内连得了12分，打了个12比0的小 *** 。
Salary Cap:工资上限。
Score:得分。Scorer得分手。
Screen:掩护，同pick。
Season:赛季。
Shot clock:24秒计时器。
Sideline:边线。
Sixth man:第六人，即之一个替补上场的队员。
Slam dunk:重扣，特指双手持球高高跳起的使出吃奶力气的重扣，也可以是单手的重
扣，这里slam表示砰的一声，强调扣篮时发出的声音。也作Dunk。
Squad:五人组，篮球队的非正式说法。
Starting-lineup:开场阵容。
Steal:断球；抢断球(缩写：Stl.)。
Strong side:强侧。有球的一侧为强侧。(关于强侧与弱侧的具体定义请见《联
防FAQ》)
Substitutes:替补队员。
Suspend:暂时中止运动员上场比赛；禁赛。
Switch:换(防)。
Team:夹击。(注：不一定是双人夹击，可以是多人夹击)
Technical foul:技术犯规。
Three-point shot:三分投篮。
Three-pointer:三分球。
Three-second violation:三秒违例。
Tie:平局；打平。
Timeout:暂停。NBA中有20秒的短暂停(20-second timeout)和100秒的长暂停
(regular timeout)。
Tip-in:补篮。
Transition:由攻转守的过程。
Traveling:走步违例，也作Walking。
Triple-double:三双，即三项技术统计指标超两位数。
Turnover:失误，(缩写：To.)。NBA中专门有一项数据统计叫assist/turnover，是用这
个队员助攻数比上他的失误数，这项统计能准确的反映一个组织后卫
是否称职。
Uniform:制服。篮球运动员的制服当然是背心和短裤了，uniform有时也特指背心。
Veteran:老运动员。NBA非常重视veteran，各球队都把自己的veteran视作一笔财富，
veteran这个词在NBA出现的几率是非常高的。
Weak side:弱侧。无球的一侧为弱侧。(关于强侧与弱侧的具体定义请见《联防FAQ》)
Wide open:开阔(n)，无人防守。大多数情况下战术配合的目的就是给队友制造wide
open，以便从容出手。
Zone:联防；区域防守。也作Zone defense
Air ball:“三不沾”，投出的球什么都没碰到。
Alley-oop:“空中接力”。一个运动员把球抛向空中，另一个队员在空中
接住球把球扣入篮筐。
Arena:比赛场；竞技场。比如Seattle的主场名叫Key Arena。
Assist:助攻(缩写：Ast.)。
Backboard:篮板。注意不是basketboard。
Backcourt:后场。一支球队本方的半场为后场，即这支球队所要防守的那
半场。
Backdoor paly:篮球基本战术之一。当一个队员在罚球弧周围接到球时，
另一个动员立刻从弱侧切入篮下，接队友的传球投篮得分。
Baseline:底线。球场两端的边界线。
Basket:篮筐。也作ring，还有一种通俗的说法是hoop。
Bench:替补队员。
Block shot:盖帽(缩写：Blk.)。
Boo:嘘声(n)；发出嘘声(v)。球迷发泄不满的一种 *** 。
Bounce pass:击地传球。
Box out:抢篮板球挡人，即抢篮板球时站在对手和篮之间，用身体挡住防守队员的动
作。
Brickv)球打在篮筐或篮板上被崩出来。许多公牛队的球迷在客队罚球时
都手执一块上写"Brick"的牌子在罚球队员的眼前不停的晃动，扰乱他的视
线，以达到干扰罚球的目的。
Buzzer beater:比赛结束前的最后一投。buzzer是比赛用的蜂鸣器。
Captian:队长。队长是场上惟一有资格与裁判讨论规则和判罚的人。
Coach:教练。比如Head coach是主教练，Assistant coach是助理教练。
Coast-to-coast:从球场的一端到另一端(n)。例如：coast-to-coast pass。
Conference:联盟。NBA分东、西两个联盟(Eastern Conference和Western
Conference)，每个联盟都有自己的logo。
Commissioner:总裁。NBA的现任总裁是David Stern。
Court:球场；赛场。home court主场。
Crossover:交叉运球过人。是Tim Hardaway的商标动作。
Cut:切入。
Debut:首次上场。
Defense:防守。当客队进攻时，我们经常能听到主场的球迷在体育馆音效师的带领下高
喊"Defense! Defense!"。
Deny the ball:绕前防守。
Disqualification:被罚下场(缩写：DQ.)。
Division:赛区。NBA共有四个赛区，每个联盟下属两个赛区。
Double-double:两双，即两项技术统计指标达两位数。
Double-team:双人夹击。
Double dribble:两次运球。
Downtown:三分线以外。
Draft:选秀，即NBA每年一度的纳新大会。
Dribble:运球(vt,n)。
Duo:原义是二重唱，在篮球中专指双人组合。
Fadeaway shot:后仰投篮。也作fadeaway jumper。
Fake:假动作(n)；做假动作(v)。
Fast break:快攻；快速突破。
Finals:总决赛。Semifinals半决赛。
Field goal:投篮(总称)，包括两分球的投篮也包括三分球的投篮(缩写：FG.)。
Finger roll:低手上篮时手指拨球的动作。
Flagrant foul:没有必要或动作过大的犯规。
Foul:犯规。个人犯规是personal foul；全队的累计犯规叫team foul。
Foul troublen)一个队员由于受到犯规次数的约束而带来的麻烦，比如说这个队员的
法规次数已接近6次，再犯一次或两次规就将被罚下场。
Free agent:自由人。合同的期满的运动员和新人都是自由人，自由人的去留不受球队
约束。
Free throw:罚球(缩写：FT.)。
Frontcourt:前场。对手的半场为前场，即本方队员攻击的那半场。
Give-and-go:基本战术配合之一，进攻队员将球传给另队友--give，然后向篮下切入，
再接队友的回传球上篮(或扣篮)得分--go。也就是我们常说的“
传切配合”。
Gunner:经常投篮的投手。
Hand-checking:a:一种防守技术，即用手接触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置。
也作hand-check。b:防守犯规的一种。防守队员用手阻挡进攻队员的走位。
不能张开双臂阻挡防守队员的移动，合法的hand-checking技术只允许用手接
触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置，但手部不允许加力，也不允许阻碍对手的
视线。
Hang time:滞空时间，即运动员投篮时在空中停留的时间。
High post:罚球弧的周围。
Hook shot:钩手投篮，有时也直接用"hook"表示。
Illegal defense:非法防守。联防防守即为非法防守。
Injury list:伤员名单。如果某个队员受伤不能参加比赛，根据NBA的规定必须要将其
列入伤员名单(伤员名单是公开的)，以示对球迷的负责。
Jam:扣篮。one-handed jam单手扣篮；two-handed jam双手扣篮。著名歌星
Michael Jackson和Michael Jordan合作拍过一部MTV，名字就叫"Jam"。
Jersey:运动员的背心，也作uniform。有些为球队做出过巨大贡献的运动员退役时他的
jersey也跟随他一起退役，他的jersey被高悬在球队主场的天花
板上，这意味着以后其他运动员不能再使用这件jersey上的号码了。
Jump ball:跳球；争球。
Jump shot:跳投。也作jumper。
Lane:罚球区，也作free throw lane。篮球刚发明的时侯罚球区是细长的，其宽度比罚
球弧的直径还要短，形状就象把钥匙，所以也称之为the key。
Layup:上篮。
Ligament:韧带。cruciate ligament，十字韧带，膝关节中的韧带，是运动员最容易受
伤的部位，分anterior cruciate ligament和posterior cruciate
ligament。
Locker room:更衣室。
Lottery:确定选秀顺序的过程。以前是通过掷硬币决定，因其不确定性所以称之为
"lottery"。
Low post:三秒区内，篮筐两侧，靠近底线的那部分。
Matchup:攻防上各个位置的对应关系(n)。
Meniscus:半月板。膝关节中的一块软骨，也是运动员容易受伤的地方之一，我们经常
会听到某个运动员因为半月板撕裂而上了伤员名单，几个月不能打球。
Move:移动。这个词在NBA里出现的频率特别高，比如，一个漂亮的移动我们说"Great
move!"；后转身的摆脱我们称之为"Spin move"。
MVP:Most Valuable Player，最有价值的运动员。
Net:篮网。检验球是否入筐的标志，原Utah的David Benoit在扣篮时，球砸在自己的头
上从篮筐中弹出，而且整个过程中球又没有触及篮网，结果进球
被判无效。
No-charge area:进攻有理区。根据去年的新规则在两个篮下各画定一以篮筐的中心为
圆心，以4英尺为半径的半圆(虚线)，此区域被称作进攻有理区，在
进攻有理区里只有带球撞人而没有阻挡犯规(注：O"Neal修正案除外)。
Offense:进攻。形容词形式是offensive(缩写：off.)，可以修饰其它名词，例如
offensive rebound就是前场篮板球(进攻篮板球)。
Outlet pass:抢到篮球板后的之一传，一般都是隔场的长传。
Overtime:加时赛，时间为5分钟。
Palming:我们常说的“翻腕”，运球违例动作，也作Carrying the ball。
Pass:传球。
Personal foul:个人犯规。
Pick-and-roll:挡拆战术。篮球中的基本进攻战术之一，进攻队员给持球的队友作掩护
英语叫"set a pick"，然后掩护队员向篮下移动叫"roll"，再接
队友的传球，在无人防守的情况下投篮。Pick n" Roll是Malone和Stockton的看家本
领。以pick为基础衍生出的战术还有pick-and-fade、pick-and-split
等。
Pick:掩护。
Pivot:a:以一只脚为中枢脚转动身体改变方向的动作(n)。b:篮下，通常由中锋控制的
区域。
Playoff:复赛；季后赛，即常规赛结束后各联盟的前八名的淘汰赛。
Point guard:组织后卫，也作控球后卫。
Position:位置。NBA中运动员被分为三个位置--前锋、中锋、后卫。
Power forward:大前锋，我国常称之为“二中锋”。二者略有不同，“二中锋”是基于
中锋的位置，来源于“双中锋”战术，这是我们从苏联老大哥那
里学来的；大前锋还是前锋，他们是队里的篮板能手和防守中坚。
Press:紧逼(防守)。full-court press，全场紧逼；half-court press，半场紧逼。
Pump fake:投篮的假动作。
Quadruple-double:四双。即四项技术统计指标超过两位数。
Quarter:节。一场NBA比赛分四节，每节12分钟。前两节称first-half，后两节称
second-half。
Rebound:篮板球(缩写：Reb.)。
Refree:裁判。
Rejection:盖帽。
Reverse:反身的(a)。比如从底线切入后的反身扣篮是reverse dunk。
Rookie:新人，即之一年在NBA打球的运动员。
Run:连续得分。比赛中屏幕上会经常打出某支球队12-0 run in last 4 minutes，就是
说这支球队在刚刚过去的4分钟内连得了12分，打了个12比0的小 *** 。
Salary Cap:工资上限。
Score:得分。Scorer得分手。
Screen:掩护，同pick。
Season:赛季。
Shot clock:24秒计时器。
Sideline:边线。
Sixth man:第六人，即之一个替补上场的队员。
Slam dunk:重扣，特指双手持球高高跳起的使出吃奶力气的重扣，也可以是单手的重
扣，这里slam表示砰的一声，强调扣篮时发出的声音。也作Dunk。
Squad:五人组，篮球队的非正式说法。
Starting-lineup:开场阵容。
Steal:断球；抢断球(缩写：Stl.)。
Strong side:强侧。有球的一侧为强侧。(关于强侧与弱侧的具体定义请见《联
防FAQ》)
Substitutes:替补队员。
Suspend:暂时中止运动员上场比赛；禁赛。
Switch:换(防)。
Team:夹击。(注：不一定是双人夹击，可以是多人夹击)
Technical foul:技术犯规。
Three-point shot:三分投篮。
Three-pointer:三分球。
Three-second violation:三秒违例。
Tie:平局；打平。
Timeout:暂停。NBA中有20秒的短暂停(20-second timeout)和100秒的长暂停
(regular timeout)。
Tip-in:补篮。
Transition:由攻转守的过程。
Traveling:走步违例，也作Walking。
Triple-double:三双，即三项技术统计指标超两位数。
Turnover:失误，(缩写：To.)。NBA中专门有一项数据统计叫assist/turnover，是用这
个队员助攻数比上他的失误数，这项统计能准确的反映一个组织后卫
是否称职。
Uniform:制服。篮球运动员的制服当然是背心和短裤了，uniform有时也特指背心。
Veteran:老运动员。NBA非常重视veteran，各球队都把自己的veteran视作一笔财富，
veteran这个词在NBA出现的几率是非常高的。
Weak side:弱侧。无球的一侧为弱侧。(关于强侧与弱侧的具体定义请见《联防FAQ》)
Wide open:开阔(n)，无人防守。大多数情况下战术配合的目的就是给队友制造wide
open，以便从容出手。
Zone:联防；区域防守。也作Zone defense
---------------
我再补充一点
这是nba英国官网，直接点进去看直播，或者是看上一场回放。都是转播的tnt或者abc原声。
一小段解说
Now.Houston ball, wafer pass to tmac ,3 seconds left.TMAC get to the paint,Then,he slam,OH my godness.yes he slam! what a unbelieve ball by tmac!he light the Tokyo Center。Its a real tmac .he is back!
现在，火箭的球，韦弗传给了麦蒂，还有三秒。麦蒂到达了油漆区（三秒区），然后，他大力灌篮！oh！我的上帝，是的他灌篮了！麦蒂一个多么难以置信的进球！他点亮了丰田中心。这才是真正的麦蒂。他回来了！
1．NBA 各种投篮方式
(slam) dunk：(强力)灌篮
bank shot：擦板球
double pump：拉杆式投篮(verb)
fade-away shot：后仰式跳投
hook shot：钩射投篮
jump shot：跳投
layup：带球上篮
perimeter shot：中距离投篮
set shot：立定投篮
three-point shot：三分球
2．NBA 各种统计术语
assist：助功
block shot：阻攻，盖火锅儿
defensive rebound：防守篮板球
field goal percentage：投球命中率
field goal：投球命中
free throw percentage：罚球命中率
free throw：罚球offensive rebound：进攻篮板球
rebound：篮板球
scoring：得分
steal：抄截
three-point shot percentage：三分球命中率
turnover：失误
3．场地装备篇
backboard：篮板
back court：后场
freethrow lane：罚球圈，禁区
freethrow line：罚球线
front court：前场
game clock：比赛用时钟
halftime：中场休息时间
hoop：篮框，篮圈
mid-court：中场
net：篮网
painted area：罚球圈，禁区
restricted area near the basket：禁区内篮框下的小圆圈区域
rim：篮框，篮圈
scoring table：记录台，记分台
shot clock：时限钟（进攻方在24秒内必须投篮，并且球必须触及篮框，否则即
违例)
three-point line：三分（球）线
top of the circle：靠近禁区顶端之三分（球）线附近
wing：（左、右两边）底线区域
4．规则篇
blocking foul：阻挡犯规
buzzer：（比赛用的）蜂鸣器（表示时间终了，换人…等）
charging foul：（带球）撞人（犯规）
dead ball：死球（停止比赛进行时段）
defensive basket interference：防守方干扰投篮得分
delay of game：阻碍比赛之正常进行
disqualification：犯满离场，“毕业”
double dribble：两次运球（违例）
ejection：驱逐出场
elbowing：打拐子
expiration (of game, first half…)：(全场比赛，上半场…的比赛)时间终了
first half：上半场
first (second, third, fourth) period：比赛的之一(第二，第三，第四)节
five ticks left on the (game clock, shot clock…)：(全场比赛，时限钟上…的)时间只剩下5 秒钟
flagrant foul：恶性犯规
foul：犯规
foul out：犯满离场，“毕业”
foul trouble：快要犯满离场，“领到一张准毕业证书”
full timeout：全时(100秒的)暂停
goaltending：干扰投篮得分
hand-checking：以手掌推挡对方进攻球员之犯规动作
held ball：持球（双方均持球不放）
illegal defense：防守违例
illegal offense：进攻违例（见isolation）
isolation：四位进攻球员在一边，而由第五位球员单吃对方防守球员
jump ball：争球，跳球
loose ball foul：双方均无持球权时的犯规（通常发生于双方争夺篮板球时）
offensive basket interference：进攻方干扰投篮得分
out of bound：球出界线（千万不要说outside）
overtime：加时赛，延长赛
referee：裁判
second half：下半场
shot clock violation：违反24秒内必须投篮(并且球必须触及篮框)时限之规定
substitute：换人(上场、下场)
suspension：停止出赛（之处罚）
technical foul：技术犯规
ten-second violation：进攻方10秒钟内未带球过中场之违例
three-second violation：（篮下）3秒钟之违例
throw a punch：出拳打架
throw in：发球入场
traveling：（带球）走步
twenty-second timeout：只有20秒钟之暂停
walking：（带球）走步
5．战术篇
backdoor cut：从两边底线往篮下的战术
block out：把对方球员挡住，使其不易强到篮球赛，卡位
cut：切入
double team：用两位防守球员包夹进攻球员
dribble out the time：进攻方以运球方式消耗掉比赛所剩下时间
eat up the clock：进攻方以运球或传球方式消耗掉比赛所剩下时间
fast break：快攻
foul strategy：犯规战术
give and go：（进攻方持球球员的）传切战术
jockey for position：（篮下）卡位
milk the time away：进攻方以运球或传球方式消耗掉比赛所剩下时间
one-one-one defense：人盯人防守
pick and roll：（进攻方做掩护之球员的）挡切战术
post-up play：（进攻方持球球员背对篮框）单吃对方防守球员之战术
triple team：用三位防守球员包夹进攻球员
zone defense：区域防守，区域联防
6．动作篇
(throw a) baseball pass：（快攻时)长传
(shoot) an air ball：(投)篮外空心球，“面包“
behind-the-back dribble：背后（换手）运球
carrying the ball：“翻球”
cross-leg dribble：胯下运球
dribble：运球
driving to the hoop：带球上篮
four-point play：投进3分球后因被犯规再罚进一分
hacking：打手犯规
holding：拉手犯规
make the basket：投篮得分
make the hoop：投篮得分
monster dunk：狂猛灌篮
nothing but the net：空心球（入篮）
palming：“翻球”
reverse dunk：倒灌篮
reverse lay-up：反手走篮
shoot behind the arc：投三分球
score a basket：投篮得分
swish：空心球（入篮）
tap in：托球入篮
three-point play：投进2分球后因被犯规再罚进一分
7．球队球员篇
assistant coach：助理教练
backcourt：后卫组（包括控球后卫及得分后卫）
backup：后备（替换，支持）球员
bench：（指全体）后备（替换，支持）球员
bench player：（指个人）后备（替换，支持）球员
center中锋（又称5号位置球员）
coach：教练
frontline：锋线（包括大前锋，小前锋，中锋）
GM（general manager）：球队经理
Mascot：球队吉祥物
MVP：最有价值球员
one-guard：控球后卫
point guard：控球后卫
power forward：大前锋（又称4号位置球员）
rookie：第二年球员，菜鸟（球员）
shooting guard：得分后卫
sixth man：第六人
*** all forward：小前锋（又称3号位置球员）
sophomore：第二年球员
starter：（指个人）先发球员
starting lineup：（指全体）先发球员
swingman:摇摆人（指兼能担任得分后卫及小前锋的球员）
trainer：球队训练员
two-guard：得分后卫
veteran：资深球员，老鸟（球员）
8．比赛篇
away game：客场比赛
final：总决赛
first round：首轮比赛
GB (games behind)：落后战绩最领先球队的胜场场数
guest team：客队
home court：主场
home court advantage：主场优势
home game：主场比赛
home team：主队
losing streak：连败场数，连败纪录
post season：季后赛
regular season：季赛
road game：客场比赛
schedule：赛程
semi-final：准决赛
standings：战绩（表）
winning streak：连胜场数，连胜纪录
9．NBA 球队一览表
Western Conference西区
Pacific Division 大西洋组
Golden State Warriors 金州勇士队
LA Clippers 洛杉矶快艇队
LA Lakers 洛杉矶湖人队
Phoenix Suns凤凰城太阳队
Portland Trailblazers (简称Blazers) 波特兰拓荒者队
Sacramento Kings 沙加缅度国王队
Seattle Supersonics (简称Sonics) 西雅图超音速队
Midwest Division 中西部区
Dallas Mavericks 达拉斯小牛队
Denver Nuggets 丹佛金砖队
Houston Rockets 休斯敦火箭队
Minnesota Timberwolves 明尼苏达木狼队
San Antonio Spurs 圣安东尼
Utah Jazz犹他爵士队
Vancouver Grizzlies 温哥华灰熊队
Eastern Conference 东区
Atlantic Division 大西洋组
Miami Heat 迈阿密热浪队
New York Knickerbockers (简称Knicks) 纽约尼克队
Philadelphia 76ers 费城七十六人队
Orlando Magic奥兰多魔术队
Boston Celtics 波士顿塞尔蒂克队
New Jersey Nets 纽泽西篮网队
Washington Wizards 华盛顿魔法师队
Central Division 中央组
Atlanta Hawks 亚特兰大老鹰队
Charlotte Hornets 夏洛特黄蜂队
Chicago Bulls 芝加哥公牛队
Cleveland Cavaliers克里夫兰骑士队
Detroit Pistons底特律活塞队
Indiana Pacers 印地安纳溜马队
Milwaukee Bucks 密尔瓦基雄鹿队
Toronto Raptors 多伦多暴龙队
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
篮球术语中英对照
Basketball 篮球运动；篮球
backboard 篮板
backcourt 球场的后场
backcourtman 后卫
ball control 控球
behind-the-back pass 背后传球
cornerman 前锋
center 中锋
charge 撞人
chest pass 胸前传球
clean shot 空心球
cager 美俚篮球运动员
double foul 双方犯规
dribble 运球
foul shot 罚球
free throw 罚球
free throw lane 罚球区
free throw line 罚球线
full-court press 全场紧逼
goal 投篮
guard 后卫
hack 打手犯规
blocking foul阻挡犯规
buzzer蜂鸣器
charging foul（带球）撞人（犯规）
dead ball死球
defensive basket interference防守方干扰投篮得分
delay of game阻碍比赛之正常进行
disqualification犯满离场
double dribble两次运球
ejection驱逐出场
elbowing打拐子
expiration时间终了
first half上半场
first period比赛的之一节
flagrant foul恶性犯规
foul犯规
foul out犯满离场
foul trouble快要犯满离场
full timeout全时（100秒的）暂停
goaltending干扰投篮得分
hand-checking 以手掌推挡对方进攻球员之犯规动作
held ball持球
illegal defense防守违例
illegal offense进攻违例
jump ball争球，跳球
loose ball foul双方均无持球权时的犯规
offensive basket interference进攻方干扰投篮得分
out of bound球出界线
overtime加时赛
referee裁判
second half下半场
shot clock violation违反24秒内必须投篮时限之规定
substitute换人suspension停止出赛
technical foul技术犯规
ten-second violation进攻方10秒钟之违例
three-second violation（篮下）3秒钟之违例throw a punch出拳打架
throw in 发球入场traveling /
Air ball:“三不沾”，投出的球什么都没碰到。
Alley-oop:“空中接力”。一个运动员把球抛向空中，另一个队员在空中
接住球把球扣入篮筐。
Arena:比赛场；竞技场。比如Seattle的主场名叫Key Arena。
Assist:助攻(缩写：Ast.)。
Backboard:篮板。注意不是basketboard。
Backcourt:后场。一支球队本方的半场为后场，即这支球队所要防守的那
半场。
Backdoor paly:篮球基本战术之一。当一个队员在罚球弧周围接到球时，
另一个动员立刻从弱侧切入篮下，接队友的传球投篮得分。
Baseline:底线。球场两端的边界线。
Basket:篮筐。也作ring，还有一种通俗的说法是hoop。
Bench:替补队员。
Block shot:盖帽(缩写：Blk.)。
Boo:嘘声(n)；发出嘘声(v)。球迷发泄不满的一种 *** 。
Bounce pass:击地传球。
Box out:抢篮板球挡人，即抢篮板球时站在对手和篮之间，用身体挡住防守队员的动
作。
Brickv)球打在篮筐或篮板上被崩出来。许多公牛队的球迷在客队罚球时
都手执一块上写"Brick"的牌子在罚球队员的眼前不停的晃动，扰乱他的视
线，以达到干扰罚球的目的。
Buzzer beater:比赛结束前的最后一投。buzzer是比赛用的蜂鸣器。
Captian:队长。队长是场上惟一有资格与裁判讨论规则和判罚的人。
Coach:教练。比如Head coach是主教练，Assistant coach是助理教练。
Coast-to-coast:从球场的一端到另一端(n)。例如：coast-to-coast pass。
Conference:联盟。NBA分东、西两个联盟(Eastern Conference和Western
Conference)，每个联盟都有自己的logo。
Commissioner:总裁。NBA的现任总裁是David Stern。
Court:球场；赛场。home court主场。
Crossover:交叉运球过人。是Tim Hardaway的商标动作。
Cut:切入。
Debut:首次上场。
Defense:防守。当客队进攻时，我们经常能听到主场的球迷在体育馆音效师的带领下高
喊"Defense! Defense!"。
Deny the ball:绕前防守。
Disqualification:被罚下场(缩写：DQ.)。
Division:赛区。NBA共有四个赛区，每个联盟下属两个赛区。
Double-double:两双，即两项技术统计指标达两位数。
Double-team:双人夹击。
Double dribble:两次运球。
Downtown:三分线以外。
Draft:选秀，即NBA每年一度的纳新大会。
Dribble:运球(vt,n)。
Duo:原义是二重唱，在篮球中专指双人组合。
Fadeaway shot:后仰投篮。也作fadeaway jumper。
Fake:假动作(n)；做假动作(v)。
Fast break:快攻；快速突破。
Finals:总决赛。Semifinals半决赛。
Field goal:投篮(总称)，包括两分球的投篮也包括三分球的投篮(缩写：FG.)。
Finger roll:低手上篮时手指拨球的动作。
Flagrant foul:没有必要或动作过大的犯规。
Foul:犯规。个人犯规是personal foul；全队的累计犯规叫team foul。
Foul troublen)一个队员由于受到犯规次数的约束而带来的麻烦，比如说这个队员的
法规次数已接近6次，再犯一次或两次规就将被罚下场。
Free agent:自由人。合同的期满的运动员和新人都是自由人，自由人的去留不受球队
约束。
Free throw:罚球(缩写：FT.)。
Frontcourt:前场。对手的半场为前场，即本方队员攻击的那半场。
Give-and-go:基本战术配合之一，进攻队员将球传给另队友--give，然后向篮下切入，
再接队友的回传球上篮(或扣篮)得分--go。也就是我们常说的“
传切配合”。
Gunner:经常投篮的投手。
Hand-checking:a:一种防守技术，即用手接触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置。
也作hand-check。b:防守犯规的一种。防守队员用手阻挡进攻队员的走位。
不能张开双臂阻挡防守队员的移动，合法的hand-checking技术只允许用手接
触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置，但手部不允许加力，也不允许阻碍对手的
视线。
Hang time:滞空时间，即运动员投篮时在空中停留的时间。
High post:罚球弧的周围。
Hook shot:钩手投篮，有时也直接用"hook"表示。
Illegal defense:非法防守。联防防守即为非法防守。
Injury list:伤员名单。如果某个队员受伤不能参加比赛，根据NBA的规定必须要将其
列入伤员名单(伤员名单是公开的)，以示对球迷的负责。
Jam:扣篮。one-handed jam单手扣篮；two-handed jam双手扣篮。著名歌星
Michael Jackson和Michael Jordan合作拍过一部MTV，名字就叫"Jam"。
Jersey:运动员的背心，也作uniform。有些为球队做出过巨大贡献的运动员退役时他的
jersey也跟随他一起退役，他的jersey被高悬在球队主场的天花
板上，这意味着以后其他运动员不能再使用这件jersey上的号码了。
Jump ball:跳球；争球。
Jump shot:跳投。也作jumper。
Lane:罚球区，也作free throw lane。篮球刚发明的时侯罚球区是细长的，其宽度比罚
球弧的直径还要短，形状就象把钥匙，所以也称之为the key。
Layup:上篮。
Ligament:韧带。cruciate ligament，十字韧带，膝关节中的韧带，是运动员最容易受
伤的部位，分anterior cruciate ligament和posterior cruciate
ligament。
Locker room:更衣室。
Lottery:确定选秀顺序的过程。以前是通过掷硬币决定，因其不确定性所以称之为
"lottery"。
Low post:三秒区内，篮筐两侧，靠近底线的那部分。
Matchup:攻防上各个位置的对应关系(n)。
Meniscus:半月板。膝关节中的一块软骨，也是运动员容易受伤的地方之一，我们经常
会听到某个运动员因为半月板撕裂而上了伤员名单，几个月不能打球。
Move:移动。这个词在NBA里出现的频率特别高，比如，一个漂亮的移动我们说"Great
move!"；后转身的摆脱我们称之为"Spin move"。
MVP:Most Valuable Player，最有价值的运动员。
Net:篮网。检验球是否入筐的标志，原Utah的David Benoit在扣篮时，球砸在自己的头
上从篮筐中弹出，而且整个过程中球又没有触及篮网，结果进球
被判无效。
No-charge area:进攻有理区。根据去年的新规则在两个篮下各画定一以篮筐的中心为
圆心，以4英尺为半径的半圆(虚线)，此区域被称作进攻有理区，在
进攻有理区里只有带球撞人而没有阻挡犯规(注：O"Neal修正案除外)。
Offense:进攻。形容词形式是offensive(缩写：off.)，可以修饰其它名词，例如
offensive rebound就是前场篮板球(进攻篮板球)。
Outlet pass:抢到篮球板后的之一传，一般都是隔场的长传。
Overtime:加时赛，时间为5分钟。
Palming:我们常说的“翻腕”，运球违例动作，也作Carrying the ball。
Pass:传球。
Personal foul:个人犯规。
Pick-and-roll:挡拆战术。篮球中的基本进攻战术之一，进攻队员给持球的队友作掩护
英语叫"set a pick"，然后掩护队员向篮下移动叫"roll"，再接
队友的传球，在无人防守的情况下投篮。Pick n" Roll是Malone和Stockton的看家本
领。以pick为基础衍生出的战术还有pick-and-fade、pick-and-split
等。
Pick:掩护。
Pivot:a:以一只脚为中枢脚转动身体改变方向的动作(n)。b:篮下，通常由中锋控制的
区域。
Playoff:复赛；季后赛，即常规赛结束后各联盟的前八名的淘汰赛。
Point guard:组织后卫，也作控球后卫。
Position:位置。NBA中运动员被分为三个位置--前锋、中锋、后卫。
Power forward:大前锋，我国常称之为“二中锋”。二者略有不同，“二中锋”是基于
中锋的位置，来源于“双中锋”战术，这是我们从苏联老大哥那
里学来的；大前锋还是前锋，他们是队里的篮板能手和防守中坚。
Press:紧逼(防守)。full-court press，全场紧逼；half-court press，半场紧逼。
Pump fake:投篮的假动作。
Quadruple-double:四双。即四项技术统计指标超过两位数。
Quarter:节。一场NBA比赛分四节，每节12分钟。前两节称first-half，后两节称
second-half。
Rebound:篮板球(缩写：Reb.)。
Refree:裁判。
Rejection:盖帽。
Reverse:反身的(a)。比如从底线切入后的反身扣篮是reverse dunk。
Rookie:新人，即之一年在NBA打球的运动员。
Run:连续得分。比赛中屏幕上会经常打出某支球队12-0 run in last 4 minutes，就是
说这支球队在刚刚过去的4分钟内连得了12分，打了个12比0的小 *** 。
Salary Cap:工资上限。
Score:得分。Scorer得分手。
Screen:掩护，同pick。
Season:赛季。
Shot clock:24秒计时器。
Sideline:边线。
Sixth man:第六人，即之一个替补上场的队员。
Slam dunk:重扣，特指双手持球高高跳起的使出吃奶力气的重扣，也可以是单手的重
扣，这里slam表示砰的一声，强调扣篮时发出的声音。也作Dunk。
Squad:五人组，篮球队的非正式说法。
Starting-lineup:开场阵容。
Steal:断球；抢断球(缩写：Stl.)。
Strong side:强侧。有球的一侧为强侧。(关于强侧与弱侧的具体定义请见《联
防FAQ》)
Substitutes:替补队员。
Suspend:暂时中止运动员上场比赛；禁赛。
Switch:换(防)。
Team:夹击。(注：不一定是双人夹击，可以是多人夹击)
Technical foul:技术犯规。
Three-point shot:三分投篮。
Three-pointer:三分球。
Three-second violation:三秒违例。
Tie:平局；打平。
Timeout:暂停。NBA中有20秒的短暂停(20-second timeout)和100秒的长暂停
(regular timeout)。
Tip-in:补篮。
Transition:由攻转守的过程。
Traveling:走步违例，也作Walking。
Triple-double:三双，即三项技术统计指标超两位数。
Turnover:失误，(缩写：To.)。NBA中专门有一项数据统计叫assist/turnover，是用这
个队员助攻数比上他的失误数，这项统计能准确的反映一个组织后卫
是否称职。
Uniform:制服。篮球运动员的制服当然是背心和短裤了，uniform有时也特指背心。
Veteran:老运动员。NBA非常重视veteran，各球队都把自己的veteran视作一笔财富，
veteran这个词在NBA出现的几率是非常高的。
Weak side:弱侧。无球的一侧为弱侧。(关于强侧与弱侧的具体定义请见《联防FAQ》)
Wide open:开阔(n)，无人防守。大多数情况下战术配合的目的就是给队友制造wide
open，以便从容出手。
Zone:联防；区域防守。也作Zone defense。
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